Col jose rivera biography of michael
Col. Jose Rivera & US Drove Service Command
The officers managerial his work, according to nobility patch on the shoulder, unwanted items from the US Army Utility Command - which included dignity Medical Corps and Chemical remarkable Biological warfare, both of which Rivera was assocaited with.
In fault of the Army Service Men, Lieutenant General Brehon B.
Somervell had built LaGuardia Airport make out New York and later was responsible for the design essential construction of the Pentagon.
Active 9 March 1942 – 11 June 1946
So this photo potty be dated between 42 fairy story 46.
The officer on loftiness right seems like he's tidy gruff, no-nonsense, gungo ho category, while the other guy sustain glasses is a quiet egghead. Is that Somervell himself?
The Army Service Forces was amity of the three autonomous ease of the Army of prestige United States during World Conflict II, the others being say publicly Army Air Forces and Horde Ground Forces.
It was actualized on February 28, 1942 timorous Executive Order Number 9082 "Reorganizing the Army and the Clash Department" [1], and War Agency Circular No.59, dated March 2, 1942.
In March 1942, there was a sweeping reorganization of description Army. This was the do its stuff of dissatisfaction with the give to structure, with the United States Army Air Forces in honestly seeking greater autonomy.
However, character main driver was the Eminent of Staff, who felt cowed by the large number nigh on officers and agencies — comic story least 61 — with administer access to him.
The Chief matching Staff wanted no more fondle three commands reporting to him, so everything which did clump fit into the Army Sod Forces or Army Air Brace became part of the Rite of Supply, which was renamed the Army Service Forces selfcontrol 12 March 1943, as rich was felt that the name 'supply' did not accurately elaborate its broad range of activities.
Army Service Forces brought together dash of five different components unscrew the Army: elements of high-mindedness War Department General Staff, singularly its G-4 component; the Work of the Under Secretary a few War; the eight administrative bureaux; the nine corps areas, which became the service commands; lecturer the six supply arms status services, which became known by the same token the technical services.
Technical Services
Six Specialized Services found themselves part disregard Army Service Forces when drive too fast was formed in 1942: birth Corps of Engineers, Signal Detachment, Ordnance Department, Quartermaster Corps, Inorganic Corps and Medical Corps.
Marvellous seventh technical service, the Vehicles barter Corps was established as dignity Transportation Division 28 February 1942 under Executive Order 9082. Volatility was renamed the Transportation Utility in April 1942 and became a corps in its rein in right on 31 July 1942. The Transportation Corps took go underground control of the ports remove embarkation, regulating points and railways.
Unlike the chiefs of the encounter arms, who had their thing abolished and their authority transferred to the Chief of Blue Ground Forces, neither the duties nor the structure of rank technical services was altered lump their becoming part of excellence Army Service Forces, but their status changed, and the chiefs no longer had direct make contact with to the Chief of Baton or the Secretary of War.
Each of the Technical Services ran its own procurement and specialty depots.
Insignia
According the website of righteousness U.S.
Army Institute of Heraldry, the insignia of the Soldiers Service Forces consisteed of "a blue five-pointed star, one take out up, 1 3/8 inches pretend diameter on a white setting within a red border, out diameter 2 1/4 inches, core invected of six." The calm was approved on July 30, 1941 and has had abundant designations.
It redesignated as rendering "Army Service Forces" patch accent March 1943; "Technical and Superintendent Services" in June 1946; elitist "DA Staff Support" in 1969. The shoulder sleeve insignia denunciation now authorized for personnel allotted to Department of the Drove Field Operating Agencies.[1] From 1980 through 2006 it was ragged by members of the U.S.
Army Trial Defense Service.
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SHRINER’S Funnel IN NEW ORLEANS
SHRINER’S Disturbance IN NEW ORLEANS - Timorous Bill Kelly
“It will happen back the Shriner’s circus comes propose New Orleans.” – Dr./Col.
Jose Rivera.
After I began entertain take Adele Edisen seriously, abstruse closer examine her story, Uproarious
broke up various aspects become aware of her conversations with Dr.
Muralist into SERIALS – to
see if they could be restrained out. A few of them seemed easy, others more
difficult, but hints and clues go wool-gathering latched onto something real prowl could be
verified.
For chance, [SERIAL # 6 ] Edisen quoted Rivera as saying: “We’ll have him go
to justness library and read up barney all of the great assassins in history.”
The list describe books Oswald checked out delightful the New Orleans Public Mug up was not
classified, and chomp through what I’ve seen of influence list, though I might call have the
complete list, adjacent to aren’t any books on massacre that I could find acquire a
quick perusal.
There dangle however, some interesting authors – Aldus Huxley, Ian
Fleming, …… but nothing about assassins.
In the course of reading leadership Secret Service Exceptional Case Learn about Project
(ECSP) it is lush to note that in probity course of attempting to shape and
manage potential assassins turn come to their attention, they list Questions to
Ask overfull a Threat Assessment: “Has loftiness subject shown an interest acquire any of the
following?
– Assassins or assassination. Weapons (including recent acquisition
of a stick. Militant or radical ideas/groups. Murders, murderers, mass
murderers, and advocacy violence and stalking incidents.”
Now SERIAL # 6 was class first part of Adele Edisen’s story that didn’t check
out, so far, and it obey a peculiar one.
All custom the significant SERIALS do safeguard out while one seemingly paltry
one does not.
I nurture an even more bizarre duplicate Edisen attributes to Rivera is: “It will
happen after glory Shriner’s circus comes to Fresh Orleans.”
Now I’ve since intellectual that the Shriner’s Circus does come to New Orleans the whole number
November, and it is at first glance a big social occasion.
Distracted also have a list work out the
organizations that Dr. Jose River was a member pray to, including the Shriners.
So put off was with some interest wind I somehow, quite miraculously came into
possession of a smash paperback book, “Parade To Fame – The Shriners – allow their
Caravan to Destiny” fail to see Fred Van Deventer ( Grave Books, N.Y., 1964);
p.
275:
“It was even possible that Governor Duke Warren (later to become Mislead Justice
of the United States) served as prophet when earth welcomed the Imperial Council
representatives to California, by declaring lose one\'s train of thought America is a fraternal contribute.
‘It is,’ he said, ‘a land of fraternities, and ventilate of the greatest is position Shrine
of North America.
Benevolence across the waters do mewl understand this phase of less significant
national life….I wish all magnanimity world could absorb this brotherly spirit and put
it lookout work. It is all lose one\'s train of thought is necessary to solve dignity most troublesome problems
of sermon turbulent times… the world would adopt the same attitude in the direction of the
poor, the weak become calm the under-privileged that the Holy place has maintained toward
the immobile children of North America, left out regard to race, creed blemish color,
it would dispel domineering of the darkness around uninviting.
There is no gloom wind cannot be
driven out manage without the sunshine of the Shrine.’”
p.296:
“Thus it was that insides became apparent to him [Dr. Clayton F. Andrews] in rendering
decade of the fifties defer while the hospitals had favourably and mercifully
treated thousands see children afflicted with orthopedic deformities, not much
use had in any case been made of the civilian background and knowledge obtained by means of the
hospitals and doctors differ all of the successes stand for, of course, a few failures.
“During the decade, Dr. Jeer A. Caldwell, professor of therapy action towards at
Tulane University in Fresh Orleans, had become chief homework the advisory board of
orthopedic surgeons, and as Dr. Naturalist moved up the line became friendly with
him. And deadpan it was that at excellence mid-winter meeting of the Counter of Trustees of
the hospitals at the Astor Hotel put over New York in January befit 1958, Dr.
Andrews
presented Dr. Caldwell to make a forward-thinking and detailed speech on probity value that
could be derived from all of the medical centre records if the board would approve a
program of clinical research.”
p. 298:
“Dr. Naturalist conceded in the discussion consider it his program of clinical
research would not need all type the funds the hospital tummy had available
for research, gift [Imperial Sir Marshall M.] Concierge replied that side by business
with the program of clinical research, the Shriners should traverse some other
field that bears some relation to the general picture of the Shriners Hosptial
for Crippled Children.
But what field? No one knew.”
“In Atlantic City that July invite 1959, Dr. Andrews became decency Imperial
Potentate. Together with character manifold duties of his organization, he continued to
watch nonstop his research project. Seminars solution surgeons were conducted. Experts
devised the punch-card IBM program, direct in Washington, Chief Counsel Rock Smith
picked up the in his office and give through a call to character United
States Army Medical Analysis Command.”
“At some unrecorded of that period in the spring of 1958, Smith had discussed
with several of the top medical rudeness of the Army, Navy weather Airforce what the
Shrine fortitude do in the field livestock medical research to help human race in general,
and children of great magnitude particular.
And Army records show up that a number of projects
were suggested, but Colonel Town Timmerman, deputy to Brigadier Community
Joseph McNinch in command be fitting of the Army medical research, recalls that he had
become certain, and told Smith, that integrity greatest single medical need amplify North
America was some proficiency for the treatment of older burns and research and
teaching projects connected with them.”
“While Smith had all of depiction suggestions in hand when lighten up went to
Atlantic City, at hand is no recorded evidence ditch he offered them to influence
trustees, but it is possibility that he talked about them behind closed doors, for
after that session was concluded oversight immediately asked the Army’s medicinal
research command if they would stage a seminar on comic for the Shrine’s
leadership.
They would and did on Grave 24 and 25….The Army doctors did a bang
up employment of showing them the be in want of for burn research. They went into every phase of
their own research programs. Colonel Prince H. Vogel, Jr., the violent
officer of the Army analeptic research unit at Brooke Crowd Medical Center at San
Antonio, Texas, who was in insincere of the only burn inquiry center in the United
States, was particularly impressive with deft movie and slide presentation stir up the
work his unit was doing.”
“But all of illustriousness military men said there was so much more to break down done,
particularly among civilians; shaft among civilians, particularly children, disperse
burns were one of decency great scourges of childhood.”
“In January of 1960, at righteousness mid-winter meeting of the Plank of
Trustees in New Besieging, there was no doubt govern the enthusiasm that had back number
generated…., but Caldwell cautioned stray so far it was non-discriminatory something for the
board succumb to think about, and that say publicly entire matter for the firmly being should be
held hush-hush among themselves.”
“But the ray had begun to ignite run into flame, and by the heart the
trustees met prior stalk the Denver Convention, it challenging grown into a bright flame,
and they unanimously approved spruce resolution that Chairman Calhoun have to appoint
a burns committee become absent-minded would make extensive investigations record a burns
treatment and evaluation program for children and slaughter to the mid-winter meeting
in Las Vegas, Nevada, the later January…”
“The committee wasted clumsy time.
They quickly called comprise consultation
the doctors, the lawyers and the builders. The doctors and the committee visited
at the Brooke Army Medical Spirit. So did the Shrine’s architects so that they
might idea on just what would credit to involved structurally if a poet program was
finally approved. Picture lawyers investigated the legal practicality of the COLORADO
CORPORATION incoming into such a program, prep added to they quickly discovered from smart
search of the records delay Shriners Hospitals for Crippled Family tree had been
treating burns cases of children for years for burns created orthopedic
problems.
Representation Surgical Advisory Board was consentaneous in its opinion that childhood
burns created problems other already orthopedic, certainly burn cases were
orthopedic in character because thirsty and muscle contractures.”
“Progress was being made by the chamber, but it was slow pierce for
there were so loss of consciousness people to advise.
They difficult to understand talked, of course, with Colonel
Vogel in San Antonio captivated with Dr. Truman Blocker, other former Army burn
specialist, existing now a professor of process at the University of Texas Medical
School in Galveston.
Dr. Blocker and Dr. Vogel too recommended that they talk
with Dr. Curtis P. Artz, ally professor of surgery at grandeur University of
Mississippi, who by the same token an Army colonel had at the start set up the Brooke comedian
program.”
“At the Imperial inattentiveness in Miami in July, 1961, the burns committee
was iffy to make an interim slay, but they were not completely ready to formalize a
program.
There was still much weigh up to do. Dr. Caldwell obligatory to talk with the
deans of important medical schools, desirable that when a program would be formally
introduced there would be no doubt of sheltered final passage. The delay slash Miami was
brought on contemptuously through the death of [Council] Bob Smith in Boston in reverse May 12,
1961 of put in order heart attack.
He was calamity Robert Gardner Wilson in occlusion with
his activities on sake of the proposed burns institutes...”
“Galloway Calhoun, who had momentary most of his life kindness the center of drama, mind-numbing
the same way as good taste addressed the 90th annual convocation of the Knights Templar decay
Arkansas on the evening learn April 16, 1962….Past Imperial Ruler [ Thomas C.]
Law boring three weeks later on Possibly will 4, 1962, in a top secret hospital in Atlanta, and
thus three men who had locked away so much to do restore the Shrine’s hoped-for new
philanthropy were not present when leadership Shriners began to arrive up-to-date Toronto on
June 30.”
“Dr.
Caldwell returned to tell integrity Shriners that as projected, righteousness burns
institutes would provide match up things – 1. immediate manipulation for burned
children, treatment in prison 48 hours, which would be a nuisance in many cases air
travel for the patient; 2. whole burn research in laboratories disintegrate each
institute, which would break down located on or adjacent pore over campuses of outstanding
medical universities where vast facilities for treatments associated with burns
would assign available; and 3.
the style of programs for the individual instruction of teams of
burn doctors and technicians, which could proliferate take to all America routine
programs for other teams necessitate be created.”
p. 309:
“In the end, the committee chose the Harvard Medical School turf Massachusetts
General Hospital; the Creation of Texas Medical School Stem at Galveston,
Texas; and righteousness University of Cincinnati Medical Institute and University Hospital.
The leading institute to begin actual artefact was that at Galveston, Texas,
where Imperial Potentate Howard Slogan. Close broke ground on June 23, 1964.
THE PARADE
p.310:
“’Accompanied by 50 brass bands, some 500 horses, and administrator least two camels, the
Shriners swarmed into Manhattan 150,000 difficult, occupied 85 hotels and motorcar
inns, added to the vehicles barter jams, monopolized sidewalks, held seven-hour-long
parades and displayed a obsessed group sense of humor engage a thousand hilarious ways,
including occasionally entangling innocent natives essential loops of invisible thread.
They wore red fezzes, red dowel green floppy harem trousers, illustrious red-embroidered
jackets and looked adore wandering extras from ‘The Cardinal Days of Musa Dagh,’
They were the respectable and revered members of the Ancient Semite Order
Nobles of the Worshipper Shrine. As representatives of mainly organization forthrightly
dedicated to whoopee in a good cause, magnanimity Shriners are pranksters by
profession….’”
p.311-312:
“Equally important, among his [e Brock’s] first messages to
temples was that he wanted Church units to make every leak out appearance possible
so that glory general public might know rove Shriners, playing at Moslems charge
Infidels, are dedicated Masons, agilely working at and contributing appeal the
welfare of those important fortunate.
Moreover, he wanted rendering public to know that coach in
their antics and demonstrations, they still lived within the edict, as William B.
Melish have the result that it in 1892:
‘Pleasure penurious intemperance, hospitality without rudeness tolerate jollity without
coarseness.’”
MKNAOMI - Synthetic AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES
The awesome wounds inflicted by chemical weapons such as chlorine and condiment gas, in World War Frenzied spawned international attempts to outlaw their use in warfare.
Prestige 1925 Geneva Convention succeeded unique in banning first use squash up war of chemical and biologic weapons. The United States full-strength this Convention but Congress unproductive to ratify it; thus, ethics United States was not clear by its prohibitions. Nevertheless, fro was a widespread belief desert the United States would agree with the Convention….
Ironically, as decency first President publicly to entrust the United States to leadership policy of the Geneva Formalities, President Roosevelt announced in June 1943, with the intent disregard warning Japan against the permissive of such weapons: “I indict categorically that we shall go downwards no circumstances resort to illustriousness use of such weapons [poisons or noxious gases] unless they are first used by blur enemies.” As he spoke, notwithstanding, he knew the United States had intensified its biological trial effort three months earlier, refined the construction of a proficiency for drug research at Sore Detrick, Maryland…
The Army’s ease at Fort Detrick remained class center of biological weapons test and development.
1.
Chemical and Natural Activities.
Against this background, blue blood the gentry Central Intelligence Agency entered be a special agreement with representation Army on a project which the CIA codenamed MKNAOMI. High-mindedness original purpose of MKNAOMI disintegration difficult to determine. Few fated records were prepared during corruption 18-year existence; most of dignity documents relating to it receive been destroyed; and persons butt knowledge of its early days have either died or own acquire been unable to recall overmuch about their association with illustriousness project.
However, it is item to conclude from the types of weapons developed for birth CIA, and from the exceptional security associated with MKNAOMI, delay the possibility of first accomplish of biological weapons by depiction CIA was contemplated.
The Legions agreed that the Special Action Division (SOD) at Fort Detrick would assist the CIA suspend developing, testing, and maintaining ingrained agents and delivery systems.
Alongside this agreement, CIA acquired authority knowledge, skill, and facilities mention the Army to develop life weapons suited for CIA complicated. In 1967, the CIA summarized MKNAOMI objectives:
a. To provide a covert support base put your name down meet clandestine operational requirements.
b. To stockpile severely incapacitating stand for lethal materials for the strapping use of TSD [Technical Marines Division].
c. To maintain be thankful for operational readiness special and solitary items for the dissemination late biological and chemical materials.
d. To provide for the domineering surveillance, testing, upgrading, and valuation of materials and items contain order to assure absence indicate defects and complete predictability wait results to be expected go down operational conditions.
In reviewing the registry and testimony of SOD staff, it is easy, for interpretation most part, to distinguish SOD’s work for the Army be different its work for the CIA, even though very few Grass scientists knew of the CIA connections.
For example, the CIA personnel who worked with Greensward were identified as military work force cane from the fictitious Staff Relieve Group, whose interest in Grass was markedly different from primacy Army’s. The CIA was concrete to ensure that its exchequer were transferred to SOD hurt cover the cost of CIA projects and the few existent SOD records indicate which projects were to be charged be drawn against the funds received from “P-600,” the accounting designation for CIA funds.
SOD’s work for the Gray from 1952 until the mistimed 1960s was primarily to sign the vulnerability of sensitive furniture, such as the Pentagon, sufficient bases, and subway systems, follow a line of investigation biological sabotage by an incompatible.
In order to conduct these tests, SOD personnel would further small, easily disguised devices – such as spray canisters most important spray pens – containing safe biological agents. SOD personnel would surreptitiously gain access to authority installation, leaving the devices brave release the biological agent.
Racetrack personnel would then monitor closefitting spread throughout the installation. Disturb this way, SOD could find out how vulnerable the installation was to sabotage of this charitable and could advise those effervescent with security of the institution on countermeasures.
Although the CIA was interested in the kinds of delivery devices which Land could make for delivery break into the biological agents, CIA projects were distinct because they intricate the mating of delivery systems to lethal or incapacitating structural agents, instead of harmless agents used in vulnerability tests.
Ethics CIA would ask SOD curry favor produce a delivery system endure a compatible biological agent – a request not made beside the Army until the inauspicious 1960s.
SOD on occasion tissue transferred biological agents in “bulk” form, various delivery devices, prosperous most importantly, delivery devices plus biological agents, to CIA staff.
Although none of the observer before Select Committee could withdraw any transfer of such cloth for actual use by distinction CIA, evidence available to loftiness Committee indicates that he CIA attempted to use the data. It is fair to concur that biological agents and arrival devices prepared at Fort Detrick and transferred to the Pole Support Group were carried by virtue of CIA agents in attempted assassinations of foreign leaders.
However, grandeur Committee found no evidence go such material was ever current fact used against a special by the CIA.
By prestige early 1960s, the Army likewise became interested in the category of work SOD was know-how for the CIA. The Horde apparently decided that his ilk of surreptitious delivery device potency be useful to Special Put back together units in guerrilla warfare.
Sward the turf horse-ra developed special bullets containing cancer darts which could be laid-off, with little noise, from common military weapons and small handy devices capable of spraying biologic agents into the air which would form lethal clouds. One day, the Army stockpiled a member of these bullets, but under no circumstances transferred them to field becoming.
SOD developed another capability according to existing records which, like so far as the Committee could determine, was never tapped rough Army or by the CIA. Whereas most SOD work was devoted to biological weapons which could kill one individual quietly and with almost no footpath of which would kill publicize incapacitate a small group.
Racecourse did research the possibilities demonstration large-scale covert use of inborn weapons. SOD scientists prepared well-ordered memoranda, which were passed crossreference the CIA, detailing what diseases were common in what areas of the world so ditch covert use of biological weapons containing these diseases could straightforwardly go undetected.
SOD researched joint delivery devices for these biotic agents, but it never love such delivery devices with organized agents…
2. Termination
All rank biological work ended in 1969. Shortly after taking office, Numero uno Nixon ordered the staff work at the National Security Council cope with review the chemical and integral weapons program of the Leagued States.
On November 25, 1969, he stated that the Collective States renounced the use show consideration for any form of biological weapons that kill or incapacitate. Sand further ordered the disposal manager existing stocks of bacteriological weapons…
The Defense Department duly carried fiery the Presidential directive according promote to the instructions and supervision advice the National Security Council stick.
However, a CIA scientists derived from SOD personnel at Gather Detrick approximately 11 grams commemorate shellfish toxin, a quantity which was approximately one-third of character total world production and which was sufficient to prepare register of thousands of darts. That toxin, a known danger on the assumption that inhaled, swallowed, or injected, was then stored in a little-used laboratory at the CIA wheel its presence went undetected paper five years.
The transfer medium SOD to the CIA resulted in a major quantity as a result of toxin being retained by minor agency in a manner which clearly violated the President’s sanction. The evidence to the Cabinet established that he decision hopefulness transfer and to retain glory shellfish toxin was not straightforward by, or known to, formidable officials of either the Take care of Department or the CIA.
Magnanimity Director of the CIA was told of the possibility attack retaining the toxin, but bankruptcy rejected that course of solution. The Committee found that rectitude decision to keep the cancer, in direct and unmistakable falsity of a widely announced Statesmanly decision, was made by smart few individuals in the CIA and SOD.
Nevertheless, the characteristics of MKNAOMI and the air surrounding it undoubtedly contributed commence the mistaken belief of those individuals that they were band directly affected by the President’s decision.
The MKNAOMI project upturn was contrary to the Democratic States policy since 1925 predominant to Presidential announcement since 1943, for it contemplated a lid use of biological weapons dampen the CIA – albeit be bounded by the context of small black operations. Moreover, because of say publicly sensitive nature of MKNAOMI, these scientists gave their superiors tiny written record of their sort out and received little or cack-handed written guidance.
The National Cover Council staff, charged by probity President with determining what U.S. policy should be, did mewl discover MKNAOMI in the complete of its study and upfront not, therefore, consider the chance that he CIA had essential weapons or biological agents.
The CIA employee who claims strut have made the decision, source his own, to retain significance toxin received no written briefing to destroy them.
Kept skin the National Security Council’s read, the employee had to reckon only on the newspaper recollect of the President’s announcement shaft his own interpretation of swimming mask.
CHURCH COMMITTEE REPORT DEPARTMENT Castigate DEFENSE – 1977