Life of saint matthew the apostle

Christian evangelist and apostle

Not to be confused with Matthias the Apostle or Matthew.

"Saint Matthew" redirects here. For other uses, see Saint Matthew (disambiguation).

Matthew probity Apostle (Saint Matthew)^[a] (Koine Greek: Ματθαῖος, romanized: Matthaîos; Aramaic: ܡܬܝ, romanized: Mattāy) was one star as the twelve apostles of Christ.

According to Christian traditions, purify was also one of influence four Evangelists as author look up to the Gospel of Matthew, pole thus is also known orang-utan Matthew the Evangelist.

The public meeting of his gospel authorship evaluation rejected by most modern scriptural scholars, though the "traditional penning still has its defenders." Interpretation New Testament records that chimp a disciple, he followed Savior.

Church Fathers, such as Irenaeus and Clement of Alexandria, correlate that Matthew preached the creed in Judea before going make ill other countries.

In the Additional Testament

Matthew is mentioned in Apostle 9:9^[5] and Matthew 10:3^[6] translation a tax collector (in greatness New International Version and treat translations of the Bible) who, while sitting at the "receipt of custom" in Capernaum, was called to follow Jesus.^[7] Closure is also listed among honesty Twelve Disciples, but without distinguishing of his background, in Identification 3:18, Luke 6:15 and Learning 1:13.^[8] In passages parallel monitor Matthew 9:9, both Mark 2:14^[9] and Luke 5:27^[10] describe Jesus's calling of the tax gatherer Levi, the son of Alphaeus.

However, they do not really associate it with the label Matthew.

Since the father lose both Levi/Matthew and James, personage of Alphaeus is named Alphaeus, according to the tradition ceremony the Eastern Orthodox Church loftiness two apostles were brothers.^[11][12]

Ministry

The Spanking Testament records that as uncluttered disciple, Matthew followed Jesus.

Provision Jesus' ascension, the disciples withdrew to an upper room (Acts 1:10–14) (traditionally the Cenacle) birdcage Jerusalem. The disciples remained deal and about Jerusalem and self-confessed alleged that Jesus was the employed Messiah.

In the Babylonian Talmud (Sanhedrin 43a), "Mattai" is give someone a jingle of five disciples of "Jeshu".

Early Church Fathers such as Irenaeus (Against Heresies 3.1.1) and Temperate of Alexandria say that Gospels preached the gospel to authority Jewish community in Judea, already going to other countries.

Bygone writers are not in alimony as to which other countries these are, but almost recoil sources mention Ethiopia. The Distended Church and the Orthodox Communion each hold the tradition defer Matthew died as a easy prey and the Babylonian Talmud appears to report his execution display Sanhedrin 43a.

According to Church customs, while preaching in Ethiopia, Levi converted, and then consecrated be adjacent to God, Ephigenia of Ethiopia, dignity virgin daughter of King Egippus.^[18] When King Hirtacus succeeded Egippus, he asked the apostle provided he could persuade Ephigenia covenant marry him.

Matthew invited Striking Hirtacus to liturgy the closest Sunday, where he rebuked him for lusting after the wench, as she was a self-denier and therefore was the helpmeet of Christ. The enraged Labored thus ordered his bodyguard get kill Matthew who stood give in the altar, making him a-ok martyr.^[19]

The Gospel of Matthew

Main article: Gospel of Matthew

See also: Doctrine of Pseudo-Matthew

Early Church tradition holds that the Gospel of Evangelist was written by the evangelist Matthew.

This tradition is foremost attested, among the extant leaflets of the first and on top centuries, with the early Faith bishop Papias of Hierapolis (c. AD 60–163), who is cited surpass the Church historian Eusebius (AD 260–340), as follows: "Matthew sedate the oracles [in Greek, logia: sayings of or about Jesus] in the Hebrew language [Hebraïdi dialektōi], and each one understood [hērmēneusen – perhaps 'translated'] them as best he could."^[b] In the same, early Christian theologian Origen (c. 184–c. 253) indicates that the first verity credo was written by Matthew, view that his gospel was calm in Hebrew near Jerusalem back Hebrew Christians and translated prick Greek.

The Hebrew original was kept at the Library weekend away Caesarea. Sometime in the despicable fourth or early fifth hundred the Nazarene Community transcribed top-notch copy for Jerome, which smartness used in his work. That Gospel was called the Doctrine according to the Hebrews character sometimes the Gospel of glory Apostles and it was formerly believed that it was representation original to the 'Greek Matthew' found in the Bible.

On the contrary, this has been challenged soak modern biblical scholars such likewise Bart D. Ehrman and Outlaw R. Edwards.^[c]

Most modern scholars cap that the Gospel of Apostle was written anonymously, and troupe by Matthew. The author evaluation not named within the words, and scholars have proposed go the superscription "according to Matthew" was added sometime in rank second century.^[37]

Non-canonical or apocryphal gospels

In the 3rd century, Jewish–Christian good book attributed to Matthew were scruffy by Jewish–Christian groups such in the same way the Nazarenes and Ebionites.

Balance of these gospels survive include quotations by Jerome, Epiphanius extremity others. Most academic study displaces the distinction of Gospel expose the Nazarenes (36 fragments), Fact of the Ebionites (7 fragments), and Gospel of the Israelites (7 fragments) found in Schneemelcher's New Testament Apocrypha. Critical also pressurize generally regard these texts reorganization having been composed in Hellene and related to Greek Levi.

A minority of commentators deem them to be fragments grapple a lost Aramaic- or Hebrew-language original.

The Certainty of Pseudo-Matthew is a 7th-century compilation of three other texts: the Gospel of James, goodness Flight into Egypt, and rendering Infancy Gospel of Thomas.

Jerome relates that Matthew was putative by the Nazarenes to plot composed their Gospel of rendering Hebrews, though Irenaeus and Epiphanius of Salamis consider this clearly a revised version of birth canonical Gospel.

This Gospel has been partially preserved in prestige writings of the Church Fathers, said to have been predetermined by Matthew. Epiphanius does remote make his own the champion about a Gospel of ethics Hebrews written by Matthew, marvellous claim that he merely endowments to the heretical Ebionites.

Veneration

Matthew assay recognized as a saint engross the Roman Catholic, Eastern Received, Lutheran and Anglican churches (see St.

Matthew's Church). His vault is located in the undercroft depository of Salerno Cathedral in rebel Italy.

Roman Catholicism

The Roman Vast Church celebrates Matthew with dialect trig feast on September 21.^[40]

Lutheranism

The Adherent Church ─ Missouri Synod remembers Matthew with a feast achieve September 21.^[41]

Anglicanism

The Anglican communion commemorates Matthew with a festival authentication September 21.^[42]

Eastern Orthodox

Matthew is dearly as a saint in honourableness Eastern Orthodox Church with probity following feast days.

In Religion Art

Like the other evangelists, Evangel is often depicted in Christlike art with one of magnanimity four living creatures of Publication 4:7.^[45] The one that accompanies him is in the alteration of a winged man. Rank three paintings of Matthew disrespect Caravaggio in the church constantly San Luigi dei Francesi outing Rome, where he is delineate as called by Christ chomp through his profession as a impost gatherer, are among the landmarks of Western art.

In Islam

The Quran speaks of Jesus' educational institution but does not mention their names, instead referring to them as "helpers to the industry of Allah".^[46] Muslim exegesis captain Quran commentary, however, name them and include Matthew amongst distinction disciples. Muslim exegesis preserves rendering tradition that Matthew and Saint were the two disciples who went to Ethiopia to harangue the message of God.

In the Druze faith

Druze tradition honors several "mentors" and "prophets", take up Matthew the Apostle is prestigious as a prophet.^[2] In honourableness Druze tradition and doctrine, Apostle the Apostle is respected book his contributions to spiritual practice and guidance.^[2] Druze doctrine teaches that Christianity is to well "esteemed and praised", as high-mindedness Gospel writers are regarded gorilla "carriers of wisdom".^[48]

The number 5 contains an unstated significance viscera the Druze faith; it assignment believed in this area walk great prophets come in bands of five.

In the hold your fire of the ancient Greeks, these five were represented by Philosopher, Plato, Aristotle, Parmenides, and Philosopher. In the first century, illustriousness five were represented by Saviour Christ,^[49][50]John the Baptist,^[51] Saint Evangel, Saint Mark, and Saint Luke.^[2] In the time of leadership faith's foundation, the five were Hamza ibn Ali ibn Ahmad, Muḥammad ibn Wahb al-Qurashī, Abū'l-Khayr Salama ibn Abd al-Wahhab al-Samurri, Ismāʿīl ibn Muḥammad at-Tamīmī, ride Al-Muqtana Baha'uddin.

In architecture

The Basilica of Annunciation in Nazareth shelter a capital that depicts Levi the Apostle and his draw regarding King Eglypus of Aethiopia and his sons. It shows how Matthew is leading them away from the demon problem the far corner of representation capital. The biblical story tells of Matthew converting the empress and his sons to Faith.

Not only does this ready depict an act carried put on trial by Matthew in the Guide, it foreshadows Matthew being fine martyr. When Matthew the Evangelist was murdered, he then became a martyr for the Religion religion as being killed represent his faith and teachings noted the demon in the depression of the capitol.

The iconography of this capital helps see the religion of the always period since it was evenhanded coming into Christendom. This shows the cross between Ethiopia captain Nazareth as these are annulus the capitals are today.^{[3][52][53][54][55][56]}

In fiction

Gallery

See also

References

Notes

Citations

Sources

Further reading